IMPLEMENTERS AND RE-IMPLEMENTERS

IMPLEMENTERS AND RE-IMPLEMENTERS

This post deals with how to implement ERP at a Class A level. Further,  it  applies  to  both  first-time  implementers  and  to  re-implementers, companies  whose  first  implementation  resulted  in Class C or D results and who now want to get the full bang for their buck. For those of you who’ll be re-implementing, be of good cheer:

Many  companies  now  getting  Class  A  results  got  there  via  re-implementation. The steps involved in a re-implementation are vir-tually identical to a first-time implementation; the main difference is that  some  of  the  necessary  steps  may  have  already  been  accom-plished satisfactorily.

Many companies today need to re-implement. Some of these are companies who, as we saw earlier, thought they were implement-ing ERP, but actually were only installing enterprise software. Their motivations were largely software-driven: Y2K compliance, legacy systems becoming unworkable, multiple hardware platforms sup-porting too many operational systems, etc. The problem is that, in many  cases,  the  new  software  was  installed  but  not  much  else changed.

Many companies’ ERP implementations in the past started out with  the  best  intentions  in  the  world.  Company  S,  for  example, wanted to re-engineer and improve processes, to improve the way they managed the business, and to give far better customer service to an increasingly demanding customer base. During the implementa-tion, however, they were overwhelmed by the software. Enterprise software tends to be highly complex, and complexity can make it very difficult to install. As the implementation project took longer

and longer, and cost more and more, top management became more and more impatient. The result: a decision to forget about imple-menting better business processes and just get the software running. 

Thus, Company S has new software but is still running the busi-ness in much the same old way, and thus they need to re-implement. If you’re in this category, this book is intended for you every bit as much as for the company implementing for the first time.

THE APPLICABILITY OF ERP

THE APPLICABILITY OF ERP

ERP and its predecessor, MRP II, have been successfully imple-mented in companies with the following characteristics:

• Make-to-stock

• Make-to-order

• Design-to-order

• Complex product

• Simple product

• Multiple plants

• Single plant

• Contract manufacturers

• Manufacturers with distribution networks

• Sell direct to end users

• Sell through distributors

• Businesses heavily regulated by the government

• Conventional manufacturing (fabrication and assembly)

• Process manufacturing

• Repetitive manufacturing

• Job shop

• Flow shop

• Fabrication only (no assembly)

• Assembly only (no fabrication)

• High-speed manufacturing

• Low-speed manufacturing

Within the universe of companies that make things—manufac-turing enterprises—ERP has virtually universal application. This book deals with how to implement ERP in any of the above envi-ronments. Some people struggle with this applicability issue; they sometimes say: “We’re different, we’re unique, it won’t work for us.”

We’ve heard that a lot over the years. What we have never heard is:

“We’re  different,  we’re  unique,  Generally  Accepted  Accounting Principles (GAAP) won’t work for us.” Well, ERP is the logistics analogof GAAP. It’s a defined body of knowledge that contains the standard best practices for managing that part of the business. The main difference between the two is that ERP and its predecessors have been with us for about four decades; double-entry bookkeep-ing and its offshoots have been around for four centuries. 

MANUFACTURING RESOURCE PLANNING - MRP

MANUFACTURING RESOURCE PLANNING 

A method for the effective planning of all resources of a manufac-turing  company.  Ideally,  it  addresses  perational  planning  in units, financial planning in dollars, and has a simulation capabil-ity to answer “what-if” questions. It is made up of a variety of functions, each linked together: business planning, sales and op-erations planning, production planning, master scheduling, mate-rial requirements planning, capacity requirements planning, and the execution support systems for capacity and material. Output from these systems is integrated with financial reports such as the business plan, purchase commitment report, shipping budget, and inventory projections in dollars. Manufacturing resource plan-ning is a direct outgrowth and extension of closed-loop MRP.

The next step in this evolution is called Manufacturing Resource Planning or MRP II (to distinguish it from Material Requirements Planning, MRP). A direct outgrowth and extension of closed-loop MRP, it involves three additional elements: 

1. Sales & Operations Planning—a powerful process to balance demand and supply at the volume level, thereby providing top management with far greater control over operational aspects of the business.

2. Financial  interface—the  ability  to  translate  the  operating plan (in pieces, pounds, gallons, or other units) into financial terms (dollars). 

3. Simulation—the ability to ask “what-if” questions and to ob-tain actionable answers—in both units and dollars. 

This was done only on an aggregate, “rough-cut” basis, but to-day’s advanced planning systems (APS) enable effective simu-lation at very detailed levels.

Now it’s time to define Manufacturing Resource Planning. This definition, and the one to follow, come from APICS—The Educa-tional Society for Resource Management. APICS is the leading pro-fessional society in this field, and its dictionary has set the standard for terminology over the years.

SAP Books 1

SAP Books for Kindle

Kindle is a great reading device from Amazon.com. I see it as an interface to the largest library on the Planet Earth. Within seconds you have access to almost 1 milion books.

If you don't have one yet, you should get one now. I recommend theKindle Wi-Fi - it's only 139 USD.

As a SAP Consultant, I checked if there are any SAP books available for Kindle. I found a lot of interesting books which cost a lot less than the paper edition.

Here is a list of the SAP Books available for Kindle:


Sams Teach Yourself SAP in 24 Hours
Book Description: Sams Teach Yourself SAP in 24 Hours, Second Edition is the perfect tool for learning one of the most sophisticated enterprise solutions available today. Designed to being with the basics, you will become acquainted with the entire SAP system, from navigation to creating your own reports. You'll also cover:

• Implementation tools and methodologies
• NetWeaver
• ECC 5.0
• Designing Screens and menus
• Reporting
• Integration with Microsoft Office
• And more

SAP Implementation Unleashed: A Business and Technical Roadmap to Deploying SAP
Book Description: SAP can help you capture better information and deliver it more quickly, allowing you to make better decisions and maximize the business value of everything you do. However, SAP implementations require massive effort, total buy-in, and significant change throughout the organization. In SAP Implementation Unleashed, 10 expert SAP project managers, functional consultants, and technologists guide you through the entire journey, helping you avoid pain and pitfalls and gain all the benefits of SAP.

SAP R/3 for Everyone: Step-by-Step Instructions, Practical Advice, and Other Tips and Tricks for Working with SAP
Book Description: SAP R/3 for Everyone is the nontechnical user's guide to working with SAP R/3, the leading business enterprise software product in the world. Written and road-tested by experienced SAP R/3 users and trainers, this book saves typical SAP R/3 users time and trouble by providing them with the universal skills needed to work with any module of this complex software.
SAP R/3 can be used effectively by anyone who can perform a handful of simple procedures that are employed in nearly every SAP R/3 transaction. The authors explain these procedures in plain English, using illustrations and real-world examples.

SAP® ERP Financials and FICO Handbook
Book Description: This up-to-date quick reference guides the reader through the most popular SAP module. It includes material on SAP ERP Financials, SAP FICO, and SAP R/3. Unlike most books that only provide questions and answers for certification or interview preparation, this book covers fifty common business situations related to ERP Financials/FICO and provides practical solutions for them. In addition, the book begins with over 200 FAQs and certification questions for those who need a quick review of the material. A CD-ROM with FICO templates, short cuts, and color figures from the book is included with the text.

SAP® Business Information Warehouse Reporting
Book Description: Your Hands-On Guide to SAP Business Information Warehouse. Give your company the competitive edge by delivering up-to-date, pertinent business reports to users inside and outside your enterprise. SAP Business Information Warehouse Reporting shows you how to construct Enterprise Data Warehouses, create workbooks and queries, analyze and format results, and supply meaningful reports. Learn how to use the BEx and Web Analyzers, Web Application Designer, Visual Composer, and Information Broadcaster. You will also find out how to forecast future business trends, build enterprise portals and websites, and tune performance. Group data into InfoCubes and DataStore Objects and generate reports using queries and workbooks. Work with the BEx Analyzer, Web Analyzer, and Query Designer. Build queries and reports using the Business Administration Workbench. Add attachments and drill-through using Document Integration and RRI. Format and distribute results using Report Designer and Information Broadcaster. Extend functionality with Enterprise Portal, Data Modeling, and Visual Composer. Deploy charts, maps, diagrams, and unit of measure conversions. Predict trends and possible outcomes using SBC and Integrated Planning. Generate HTML pages using Enterprise Reporting and Web Application Designer. Create BI-based corporate Web and intranet sites using SAP Enterprise Portal.

SAP Project System Handbook (Essential Skills (McGraw Hill))
Book Description: Centralize and Control Enterprise Project Management Plan, execute, and track projects across the entire lifecycle using SAP Project System (PS) and the in-depth information contained in this comprehensive volume. SAP Project System Handbook explains how to configure PS for optimal performance, design structures and networks, create project blueprints, generate cost estimates and materials demands, and use the latest SAP tools. You will find full details on scheduling work, automating and tracking billing and POs, triggering events, and integrating with most other SAP modules. An invaluable reference to PS transaction codes is also included. * Configure and customize SAP Project System * Build PS objects, networks, and Work Breakdown Structures * Use customer and service projects to track sales and billing * Understand Assembly Processing concepts * Create integrated cost, settlement, and resource plans * Develop financial, workforce, and materials management blueprints * Perform resource-related billing using Dynamic Item Processor Profiles * Simulate and automatically generate sales documents, POs, and quotations * Manage corporate investments with IM structures and AUCs * Construct timesaving Project, Network, and Milestone Templates * Extend functionality with the Project Builder, Planning Board, and ProMan

Configuring SAP ERP Sales and Distribution
Book Description: The first and only book to offer detailed explanations of SAP ERP sales and distribution. As the only book to provide in-depth configuration of the Sales and Distribution (SD) module in the latest version of SAP ERP, this valuable resource presents you with step-by-step instruction, conceptual explanations, and plenty of examples. If you're an SD consultant or are in charge of managing an SAP implementation in your enterprise, you'll want this valuable resource at your side.

• SAP is one of the leading Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) software products on the market, with over 40,000 implementations
• Covers the latest version of SAP ERP-ECC 6.0
• Covers common through advanced configurations, so it's helpful no matter what your level of experience with SAP
• Explains the conceptual framework behind the configuration process

If your company uses the SD module, keep this indispensable guide on hand

SAP MM - A Complete Reference to SAP MM (Material Management)
Book Decription: This book is for those who are in SAP MM or interested to learn SAP MM. This book is wrote keeping in mind the problems faced by newcomers or end users. It includes screen shot of SAP and Describes each and every aspect like customization paths, implementation etc...

SAP: An Executive's Comprehensive Guide
Book Description: Crucial Help for Getting the Most from Today’s Information Systems Technology Deciding what type of information systems your company will need to stay competitive into the twenty-first century is a highly complex and risky exercise. SAP: An Executive’s Comprehensive Guide provides the information you need to assess your options realistically and make the most informed decisions possible. Written by a team of business, financial, and information systems professionals who have extensive experience with SAP system implementations at Fortune 500 companies, this book:

• Explores the strategic role of client/server enterprise computing now and in the next century
• Helps you to evaluate your company’s long-term IS requirements
• Offers an impartial look at SAP R/3 strengths and weaknesses
• Outlines the costs and benefits involved in implementing SAP R/3
• Helps you decide whether SAP R/3 is right for your organization
• Shows you how to make SAP R/3 an integral part of process redesign
• Covers all key technical SAP aspects of concern to IS professionals

SAP Enterprise Structure Concept and Configuration Guide - A Case Study
Book Description: SAP enterprise structure is organizational structure that represents an enterprise in SAP R/3 system. It consists of some organizational units which, for legal reasons or for other specific business-related reasons or purposes, are grouped together. I wrote this e-book to explain in details about the SAP Enterprise Structure (MM and related modules such as FI, Logistics, and SD) Concept and Configuration Guide. Just like other articles on my SAP Study Materials blog, I wrote the e-book in a simple-to-understand way, so you can learn it easily. You don't need to have extensive SAP knowledge and experience to be able to configure the SAP Enterprise Structure, as the e-book start explaining each step with the basic concept behind it. After understanding the concept, the e-book will show the step-by-step configuration with the screen shots.

SAP NetWeaver Portal Technology: The Complete Reference
Book Description: Your Hands-on Guide to SAP NetWeaver Portal Technology Master SAP NetWeaver Portal with the most comprehensive, step-by-step reference available on the entire portal implementation life cycle. Written by SAP architect Rabi Jay, this book provides everything you need to plan, design, install, configure, and administer SAP NetWeaver Portal, including SAP NetWeaver Application Server Java. SAP NetWeaver Portal Technology: The Complete Reference is filled with detailed descriptions, numerous illustrations, and hundreds of expert tips. Design and deploy portals with high availability, scalability, and performance. Implement single sign-on to backend systems and integrate SAP and non-SAP applications. Configure reliable J2EE engine and portal security, and devise a flawless portal backup and restore strategy. Improve performance using portal workload, GC, thread dump, and HTTP analysis. Plan futuristically using PAM, release planning, and maintenance strategy Design global portals using federated portal networks and external-facing portals Implement self-registration and delegated user and content administration Enable authorization using security zones, UME actions, and ACL permissions Manage users centrally using LDAP, UME, and Identity Management Implement user-, type-, and attribute-based authentication Brand your portal using portal desktop rules, themes, and framework pages Configure portal transports, and deploy patches and business packages using JSPM Monitor your portal using CCMS and GRMG Availability Monitoring Manage your portal centrally using NWA and maintain systems using SLD.

List of SAP CO Activities

List of CO Activities

The following are the List/steps-wise-configuration activities of of SAP CO Module :

• Introduction to SAP R/3
• Introduction to ERP, Advantages of SAP over other ERP Packages
• Introduction to SAP R/3 CO (Controlling)
• Enterprise Structure of CO (Basic Setting of CO)
• Defining Controlling Area
• Defining Number ranges for Controlling Area
• Maintain Planning Versions
• Cost element accounting:
• creation of primary cost elements from financial accounting area
• creation of primary cost elements from controlling area
• display of cost element master records
• change cost element master records
• primary cost element categories
• secondary cost element categories
• default account assignments
• Cost Center Accounting
• Defining Cost Center Standard Hierarchy
• Creation of Cost Centers and cost center groups
• display cost center master records
• change cost center master records
• creation of cost center groups
• posting to cost centers
• reposting of co line items
• Repost of Costs
• planning for cost centers
• Overhead Calculation
• creation of secondary cost element master records
• Creation and Execution of Distribution Cycle
• creation and execution of assessment cycles
• cost center reports
• Internal Orders
• Defining order types
• Creation of internal order master records
• display internal order master records
• change internal order master records
• postings to internal orders
• planning for internal orders
• reposting co line items for internal orders
• repost of costs for internal orders
• Report of Variance analysis for internal orders
• creation of real internal orders
• posting of business transaction to real orders
• definition of allocation structures
• definition of settlement profiles
• definition of planning profiles
• settlement of real internal orders
• budgeting and availability control
• maintain number ranges for budgeting
• define tolerances for availability control
• specification of exempt cost elements from availability control
• maintenance of budget manager
• Profit Center Accounting
• Basic Settings for Profit Center Accounting
• Creation of Dummy Profit Centers
• maintenance of control parameters for actual postings
• Maintaining planning versions for profit centers
• maintaining the number ranges for profit center documents
• Creation of profit center master records
• display of profit center master records
• changing the profit center master records
• Creation of revenue cost elements
• Automatic Assignment of Revenue elements for Profit Centers
• assignment of profit centers in cost center master records
• creation of account groups in profit center accounting for planning
• planning for profit and loss account items
• planning for balance sheet items
• posting of transactions into profit centers
• generating the variance reports for profit and loss account items
• Generating the variance reports for balance sheet items.
• Profitability analysis
• Maintaining the operating concern
• Define profitability segment characteristics
• Assignment of controlling area to operating concern
• Activating the profitability analysis
• Define number ranges for actual postings
• Mapping of SD conditions types to COPA value fields
• Creation of reports
• Viewing the reports
• Product costing:
• Product cost planning:
• creation of bill materials
• creation of activity type master records
• planning for activity hours
• activity type price calculation
• creation of work center master records
• creation of routings
• defining cost sheet( over head structures)
• assignment of cost sheet to costing variant
• creation of cost estimate with quantity structure
• marking
• releasing
• creation of cost estimate without quantity structure

Outline of SAP FI module

Outline of SAP FI module

The following are the steps-wise-configuration of SAP FI Module :

• Introduction to SAP R/3
• Introduction to ERP, Advantages of SAP over other ERP Packages
• Introduction to SAP R/3 FI
• Financial Accounting Basic Settings:
• Define Company
• Define Company Code
• Assignment of company to company code
• Definition of business area
• Definition of fiscal year variant
• Assignment of fiscal year variant to company code
• Definition of posting period variant
• Assignment of posting period variant to company code
• Open and close posting period
• Defining document type & number ranges
• Maintenance of field status variants
• Assignment of field status variant to company code
• Definition of tolerance groups for GL accounts
• Definition of tolerance groups for employees
• Assignment of tolerance groups to users
• Taxes on Sales & Purchases (input & output)
• Creation of chart of Accounts
• Defining Accounts Groups
• Defining Retained Earnings Account.
• General Ledger Accounting:
• Creation of General Ledger Master (with and with out reference)
• Display/Change/Block/Unblock of general ledger master
• Document Entry posting normal postings and posting with reference
• Display and change of documents
• Display of GL balances
• Display GL account line items
• Parked documents
• Hold documents
• Creation of Sample Document and postings with sample documents
• Defining recurring entry document and postings with recurring doc.
• Creation of account assignment model and posting
• Configuration of line layouts for display of GL line items
• Reversal of individual documents, mass reversal , reversal of cleared items and reversal of accrual and deferral documents
• Defining Exchange Rate types and Translation ratios
• Define Exchange rates & posting of foreign currency transactions
• Interest calculations on term loans
• Accrual and Deferral documents
• Accounts Payable
• Creation of vendor account groups
• creation of number ranges for vendor master records
• assignment of number ranges to vendor account groups
• Creation of tolerance group for venders
• Creation of vendor master (display/change/block/unblock of vender master)
• Posting of vendor transactions (invoice posting, payment posting, credit memo)
• Settings for advance payments to parties (down payment) and clearing of down payment against invoices (special GL transactions)
• Posting of partial Payment & Residual Payment
• Creation of payment terms,
• Creation of house banks and account ids.
• Creation of check lots and maintenance of check register
• display check register
• cancellation of un issued checks
• creation of void reasons
• cancellation of issued checks
• posting of purchase returns
• Configuration of automatic payment program
• Payment to vendors through APP
• Defining correspondence & party statement of accounts
• Accounts receivable:
• Creation of customer account groups
• creation of number ranges for customer master records
• assignment of number ranges for customer account groups
• Creation of tolerance group for customers
• Creation of customer master (display/change/block/unblock of vender master)
• Posting of customer transactions (sales invoice posting, payment posting, debit memo)
• Settings for advance payment from parties (down payment)
• Configuration of settings for dunning
• generating the dunning letters
• defining correspondence and party statement of accounts
• Bills of exchange
• posting of sales returns
• Asset Accounting
• Defining chart of depreciation
• creation of 0% tax codes for sales and purchased
• assignment of chart of depreciation to company code
• Defining account determination
• definition of screen lay out rules
• definition of number ranges for asset classes
• Integration with General Ledger & Posting rules
• Defining Depreciation key
• definition of multilevel methods
• definition of period control methods
• creation of main asset master records
• creation of sub asset master records
• Acquisition of fixed assets
• sale of fixed assets
• transfer of assets
• Scrapping of assets,
• Depreciation run
• Line item Settlement of assets under construction of capital work in progress
• New General ledger accounting:
• Parallel ledgers
• document splitting
• Segments.
• Reports
• Financial statement version
• General Ledger
• Accounts Payable
• Accounts Receivable
• Assets Reports

Complete List of SAP Modules

Complete List of SAP Modules

This page contains following topics :

A)   Environments for SAP ERP

1.     Supported Hardware

2.     Supported Database

3.     Supported Operating System

B)   COMPLETE MODULES OF SAP ERP

1.     Basis

2.     ABAP/4 Programming

3.     FI (Financial Accounting)

4.     CO (Controlling)

5.     EC (Enterprise Controlling)

6.     TR (Treasury)

7.     IM (Investment Management)

8.     HR (Human Resource)

9.     SD (Sales and Distribution)

10. Logistics Information System

11. MM (Materials Management)

12. PM (Plant Maintenance)

13. PP (Production Planning)

14.  QM - Quality Management

15. BW (Business Warehousing)

16. IS (Industry Solutions) / SAP for Industries specific solutions

17. CS (Customer Service)

18. SMB

19. CA (Cross Application Components)

20. PS (Project Systems)

21. mySAP SEM

22. mySAP CRM (Customer Relationship Management)

23. mySAP Product Life Cycle Management

24. SCM (SAP Supply Chain Management)

25. Netweaver

26. mySAP SRM (Supplier Relationship Management)

 

A) ENVIRONMENTS FOR SAP

1.    Supported Hardware for SAP ERP

SAP can be installed on the following systems. The functionality and programming technique is same for all systems.

1.1.           HP

1.2.           IBM

1.3.           Sun

1.4.           AT&T

1.5.           AS400

1.6.           Bull

1.7.           Sequent

1.8.           SNI

1.9.           Compaq Digital

2.    Supported Database for SAP ERP

SAP is a back-end-free ERP system. That means the following Database can be used in SAP software. The functionality/programming technique is same for all database system.

2.1.           Oracle

2.2.           MS SQL

2.3.           Informix

2.4.           Sybase

2.5.           Adabas D

2.6.           DB2 for AIX

2.7.           DB2/400

 

3.    Supported Operating System for SAP

SAP can be installed on the following platforms (Operating systems):

3.1.           MS Windows NT

3.2.           OS/400

3.3.           Unix

3.4.           Solaris

3.5.           AIX

3.6.           HP UX

3.7.           Sinux

B) Complete SAP Modules:

1.    SAP Basis

1.1.           Security (BC - SEC)

1.2.           Application Link Enabling (ALE)

1.3.           Remote Function Calls (RFC)

1.4.           Object Linking and Embedding (OLE)

1.5.           Common Program Interface Communications (CPI-C)

1.6.           Electronic Data Interchange (EDI)

1.7.           Customizing (BC-CUS)

1.8.           ABAP Programming and Runtime Environment (BC - ABA)

1.9.           Client Server Technology (BC - CST)

1.10.       Network Integration (BC - NET)

1.11.       Basis Services/ Communication Interfaces (BC - SRV)

1.12.       Computing Center Management System (BC - CCM)

1.13.       Upgrade General (BC - UPG)

1.14.       Change and Transport System (BC - CTS)

1.15.       Operating System Platform(BC - OP)

1.16.       Database Interface, database platforms (BC - DB)

1.17.       Front End Services (BC - FES)

1.18.       ABAP Workbench (BC - DWB)

1.19.       Documentation and Translation Tools (BC - DOC)

1.20.       Controls and Control Framework (BC - CI)  

1.21.       Business Management (BC - BMT)

1.22.       Middleware (BC - MID)

1.23.       Computer Aided Test Tool (BC - CAT)

1.24.       Ready to Run R/3 (BC - BRR)

1.25.       Authorisations System Monitoring with CCMS Workload Alert Monitor

2.    ABAP/4 Programming

2.1             ABAP Workbench

2.2             Menu Painter

2.3             Screen Painter

2.4             Data Dictionary

2.5             SAP Script

2.6             Business Workflow (BC - WF)

2.7             ALE

2.8             EDI

2.9             Business Connector

2.10         Business Server Pages

2.11         Internet Application Server

2.12         Mercator Report Painter

2.13         ALV reporting

2.14         Report writer

2.15         Dialog Programming

2.16         Repository Information System

2.17         ABAP 00

2.18         IDOCS

2.19         LSMW

2.20         Smartforms

2.21         EBP

2.22         ASAP methodology

2.23         ABAP Query

3.    SAP FI (Financial Accounting)

3.1.           General Ledger Accounting (FI - GL)

3.2.           Special Ledger (FI - SL)

3.3.           Extended Ledger

3.4.           Accounts Payable (FI- AP)

3.5.           Accounts Receivable (FI - AR)

3.6.           Asset Accounting (FI - AA)

3.7.           Bank Accounting

3.8.           Funds Management (FI - FM)

3.9.           Travel Management (FI-TM)

3.10.       Consolidation

4.    SAP CO (Controlling)

4.1.           Cost Centre Accounting (CO - CCA)

4.2.           Overhead Cost Controlling (CO - OM)

4.3.           Activity Based Coding (CO - ABC)

4.4.           Product Cost Controlling (CO - PC)

4.5.           Profitability Analysis (CO - PA)

4.6.           Material Ledger (CO - ML)

5.    SAP EC (Enterprise Controlling)

5.1.           Consolidation (EC - CS)

5.2.           Executive Information System (EC-EIS)

5.3.           Profit Center Accounting (EC - PCA)

5.4.           Business Planning and Budgeting

6.    SAP TR (Treasury)

6.1.           Cash Management (TR - CM)

6.2.           Loans Management (TR - LM)

6.3.           Market Risk Management (TR - MRM)

6.4.           Treasury Management (TR - TM)

6.5.           Funds Management (TR - FM)

6.6.           Information System

7.    SAP IM (Investment Management)

7.1.           Investment Programmes

7.2.           Investment Measures (orders/products)

7.3.           Corporation Wide Budgeting

7.4.           Appropriation Requests

7.5.           Automatic Settlement of Fixed Assets

7.6.           Depreciation Forecast

7.7.           Information System

8.    SAP HR (Human Resource)

8.1.           Recruitment

8.2.           Personnel Administration

8.3.           Benefits Administration

8.4.           Compensation Management

8.5.           Personnel Development

8.6.           Organizational Management

8.7.           Travel Management

8.8.           Training and Events Management

8.9.           Personnel Planning

8.10.       Time Management

8.11.       Incentive

8.12.       Wages

8.13.       Workflow

8.14.       Payroll

8.15.       Internet Scenarios

8.16.       Information System

9.    SAP SD (Sales and Distribution)

9.1.           Master Data

9.2.           Sales

9.3.           Sales Support

9.4.           Sales Information System

9.5.           Billing

9.6.           Special Business Transactions

9.7.           Shipping

9.8.           Transportation

9.9.           Credit Control

9.10.       QM in SD

9.11.       Internet

9.12.       Foreign Trade

9.13.       Electronic Data Interchange

10.           SAP Logistics Information System

10.1.       Purchasing Information System

10.2.       Sales Information System

10.3.       Inventory Controlling

10.4.       Retail Information System

10.5.       Production Planning and Control Information System

10.6.       Plant Maintenance Information System

10.7.       Project Information System

11.           SAP MM (Materials Management)

11.1.       Purchasing

11.2.       Invoice Verification

11.3.       Logistics (General)

11.4.       Logistics Information System

11.5.       Inventory Management

11.6.       Inventory / Valuations

11.7.       Materials Planning

11.8.       Workflow

11.9.       External Services Management

11.10.  QM in MM

11.11.  Warehouse Management

12.           SAP PM (Plant Maintenance)

12.1.       Preventative Maintenance

12.2.       Maintenance Order Management

12.3.       Maintenance Projects

12.4.       Service Management

12.5.       Maintenance Planning

12.6.       Equipment and Technical Objects

12.7.       Structuring Technical Systems

12.8.       PM Processing

12.9.       Work Clearance Management

12.10.  Internet Scenarios

12.11.  Customising

12.12.  Information System

13.           SAP PP (Production Planning)

13.1.       Make to Order (CR)

13.2.       Make to Order (PIR)

13.3.       Repetitive Manufacturing

13.4.       PP for Process Industries (PP - PI)

13.5.       PP - Processes

13.6.       Sales and Operations Planning

13.7.       Capacity requirements

13.8.       Master Planning

13.9.       KANBAN

13.10.  Production Orders

13.11.  Product Cost Planning

13.12.  Plant Data Collection

13.13.  Assembly Orders

13.14.  Information System

14.           SAP QM - Quality Management

14.1.       Planning

14.2.       Inspections

14.3.       Notifications

14.4.       Control

14.5.       Certificates

14.6.       Test Equipment Management

14.7.       QM-IS

15.           SAP BW (Business Warehousing)

15.1.       Data Warehousing

15.2.       BI Suite - Business Explorer

15.3.       BI Platform

15.4.       ODS Structures

15.5.       Development Technologies

15.6.       Info Cube

15.7.       Design Build

16.           SAP CS (Customer Service)

16.1.       Service Processing

16.2.       Controlling

16.3.       Service Contracts

16.4.       Workflow in Customer Service

17.           SAP SMB

17.1.       SAP SMB

18.           SAP CA (Cross Application Components)

18.1.       SAP Business Workflow

18.2.       Application Link Enabling (ALE)

19.           SAP PS (Project Systems)

19.1.       Basic Data

19.2.       Operational Structures

19.3.       Project Planning

19.4.       Approval

19.5.       Information System

19.6.       Project Execution and Integration

19.7.       Work Breakdown Structure

20.           mySAP SRM (Supplier Relationship Management)

20.1.       Self Service Procurement

20.2.       Service Procurement

20.3.       Plan Driven Procurement

20.4.       Spend Analysis

20.5.       Strategic Sourcing

20.6.       Catalogue Content Management

21.           mySAP SEM

21.1.       Business Consolidation (SEM-BCS)

21.2.       Business Information Collection (SEM-BIC)

21.3.       Business Planning and Simulation (BW-BPS)

21.4.       Corporate Performance Monitor (SEM-CPM)

21.5.       Stakeholder Relationship Management (SEM-SRM)

22.           mySAP CRM (Customer Relationship Management)

22.1.       CRM Enterprise

22.2.       Field Applications

22.3.       Interaction Center

22.4.       E-Commerce

22.5.       Channel Management

22.6.       Industry Specific CRM

23.           mySAP Product Life Cycle Management

23.1.       Document Management

23.2.       Engineering Change Management

23.3.       Enterprise Content Management

23.4.       Classification

23.5.       Basic Data for Process Manufacturing

24.           SAP SCM (SAP Supply Chain Management)

24.1.       SCM Process and Business Scenarios

24.2.       SAP Forecasting and Replenishment

24.3.       SAP Advance Planning and Optimization (SAP - APO)

24.4.       SAP Inventory Collaboration Hub (SAP - OCH)

24.5.       SAP Event Management (SAP - EM)

24.6.       SCM Basis

25.           SAP Netweaver

25.1.       SAP Masterdata Management

25.2.       Information Integration

25.3.       Portal Content

25.4.       Process Integration

25.5.       Knowledge Management

25.6.       Life Cycle Management

25.7.       SAP Business Intelligence

25.8.       SAP Visual Composer

25.9.       People Integration

25.10.  Application Platform

25.11.  SAP Web Application Server

25.12.  SAP Business Information Warehouse

25.13.  SAP Solution Manager

25.14.  SAP Enterprise Portal

25.15.  SAP Mobile Engine

25.16.  Security

26.           SAP IS (Industry Solutions) / SAP for Industries

SAP has the following industries specific solutions:

26.1.       Aerospace & Defence

26.2.       Consumer Products

26.3.       Defence & Security

26.4.       Retail

26.5.       Insurance

26.6.       Mill Products

26.7.       Higher Education & Research

26.8.       Industrial Machinery & Components

26.9.       Logistics Service Providers

26.10.  Automotive

26.11.  Chemicals

26.12.  Pharmaceuticals

26.13.  Banking

26.14.  Telecoms

26.15.  Life Sciences

26.16.  Mining

26.17.  Public Sector

26.18.  Service Provider

26.19.  Media

26.20.  Healthcare

26.21.  Oil & Gas

26.22.  Utilities

26.23.  Postal Services

Besides the above functionalities and flexibilities, SAP also adding new features, new modules, new environment and new industry specific solutions to its flagship ERP product continuously.

From the above list of diversify functionality, industry-specific solution with hardware and database independency depicts the power of SAP in the arena of ERP world.